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Methadone is a synthetic opioid that has similar properties to morphine. In Malaysia, the Drug Control Authority (DCA) had approved six (6) products containing methadone in syrup form for detoxification or maintenance treatment of narcotic addiction.

Meet Dr. Rusdi

Dr Rusdi Abd Rashid, an associate professor from the Department of Psychological Medicine, University Malaya, said many methadone patients suffered from withdrawal, especially during the initial phase of the MCO, as they defaulted on their follow-up treatment due to fear of being caught by the police.

“I saw drug users turn to alcohol abuse to minimise their withdrawal. Untreated comorbid depression usually ends up with stimulants use to self-medicate the depressive illness. Cases of alcohol abuse increased,” he told

Our Timeline

Pilot Methadone Maintenance Therapy (MMT) Program Launched

This marked the official beginning of  methadone use in Malaysia for opioid substitution therapy. 

Led by: Ministry of Health (MOH) Malaysia in collaboration with the Malaysian AIDS Council (MAC). Target group: Injecting drug users (IDUs), primarily those living with HIV or at high risk. 

Expansion to Public Health Facilities

Methadone services were integrated into government health clinics (Klinik Kesihatan) and hospitals.

 Significance: From a pilot, it expanded into a national harm reduction strategy under the National Strategic Plan on HIV/AIDS. Support: Also supported by the National Anti-Drugs Agency (AADK) for wider reach.

Introduction of Methadone Dispensing in Prisons

Methadone treatment was introduced in selected Malaysian prisons as a harm reduction strategy.

Goal: To address opioid dependence among incarcerated individuals and reduce HIV transmission. Pilot sites: Kajang Prison was among the first. 

Introduction of Take-Home Methadone (THM)

Eligible stable patients were allowed to take home their methadone doses under strict regulation.

Impact: Increased accessibility and reduced burden on daily clinic visits, improving compliance and quality of life. Criteria: Based on adherence, urine tests, and social stability.

Digitalization and Smart Dispensing Initiatives

Implementation of digital records and automated methadone dispensers (pilot projects in some health clinics).

Purpose: Improve accuracy, tracking, and patient convenience. Relevance: Also related to pandemic-era restrictions and needs for contactless access. 

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